Tips On Using Essay Samples

Tips On Using Essay SamplesWhen it comes to using college essay samples, students should realize that there are many of them out there. Sometimes, these materials can be used for teaching purposes or even for the purpose of modifying them before use. In other cases, students may need help in formulating their own college essay sample.The essay is such a major part of a college education. If a student is having trouble choosing a subject for his or her essay, there are many essay sample offered by different resources online and in the library. Most of these resources are specialized for specific subjects and there are also some resources that are generic enough for any type of college essay. This is one of the reasons why a student can find it difficult to choose a specific topic for his or her essay. However, if a student wants to have something to base his essay on, he or she can find the best possible subjects by following a few tips.Students who want to write an essay on his or he r own must remember that their college essay should not only make a thesis statement but should also be so that it provides insight into the student's personal view on the subject. For this, it is important that the student has to clearly define the theme for his or her essay, since this may include the key issues of the topic. In addition, the student must also realize that in this kind of essay, he or she should not get too involved with the language of the topic.It is easy to see how a student may get lost when he or she decides to write an essay on his or her own. Of course, this can become very stressful and frustrating at times. Therefore, the best thing for this situation is to seek the assistance of the online resources or the available resources in the library to determine what the student needs and then follows these instructions.A few of the most common topics to be used in an essay are religious matters, political issues, and other activities that have been successful or had success. Students who are going to school to take college classes on the Internet can also consider using topics that are of interest to the students such as their favorite sports, the television shows they watch, or the movies they watch. The same thing applies to students who are looking for something to be their personal statement. Since they are looking for ways to promote themselves and their interest in the subject, the first thing they can do is to take a look at the materials offered by the online resource sites.Aside from the essay samples that are available online, there are also some resources that offer various essays that are based on previous essays written by students. These topics are also geared towards increasing the skills of the student and increasing the mastery of the subject. Another use of these resources includes finding subjects of the students' interest and finding the subjects that are most appropriate for them. This means that students can simply co py the first paragraph from the other student's essay and then change the grammatical details in order to make the composition into their own.Finally, students should remember that there are many different types of essay samples that can be used to write an essay on their own. Therefore, the first step for any student to remember is to simply find a resource that has an interest in his or her topic and then follow the instructions for the writers to enhance their writing skills.

The Issue Of Child Marriage - 2721 Words

1. Introduction: Practice and customs surrounding marriage, such as preferable age and selection of spouse differ from society to society, according to understandings, structures and patterns of lives of families in each society. Marriage is a basic human right which is legally defined by a set of stipulations. The existence of a minimum age for marriage is one of those conditions. Afghanistan is in the top of 49 countries for bride under age marriages. 70 to 80 % of the marriage in this country is either before legal age or forced (Grigsby, 2013). According to Afghanistan civil law the minimum age for girls to marry is 16. While statistics by UN and UNICEF shows that 57 percent of girls are married before reaching 16 (UNFPA, 2012). This policy paper addresses the issue of child marriage as a harmful practice in Afghan society. The paper discuss the background of the early marriages in Afghanistan and then focus on the nature of this phenomenon in Afghan content and try to analyze its causes specifically; protecting girls, illiteracy of parents, traditions and bad practices, and the consequences of child marriage on the health of these girls, violence that they face and deny of their education. In the last part policies are suggested to prevent the practice. 2. Objectives of the policy: The objective and aim of this paper is to suggest policies in order to reduce the number of child marriage in short term, and in long term element it completely from Afghan society. So noShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Child Marriage1637 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In the United States, marriage is seen as a sacred and consensual institution, but in developing countries, many children are introduced to marriage in a different manner. According to the United Nations Population Fund, one girl in every three is married before the age of eighteen in developing countries (Child Marriage, 1). Are the measures previously taken by the International Law community that attempt to put and end to child marriages an effective measure to stop this violationRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Marriage938 Words   |  4 Pagescyclical and the best indicator if a child will end up in poverty is if her parents live in poverty. One common practices among families with girls living in poverty is child marriages. It has been found that poverty is the main driver of child marriage and traps girls and their families in a cycle of poverty (Poverty Girls). The practice of child marriage is more common in families who are already in poverty and perpetuates the cycle. In recen t years, child marriage has gained increasing prominenceRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Marriage Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesChild marriage is one of the hardest things a teenage child could face. It is basically a violation of children’s human rights. It is strictly prohibited by international law. Early marriage takes away the girls right to make important decisions about their sexual health and well being. Historically, patriarchal societies have marginalized women in various aspects across the world. Women disenfranchisement, in this way, is not a new phenomenon. However, with the passage of time women have been ableRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Marriage843 Words   |  4 PagesFor generations, there has been a global issue called child marriage when children under 18 years old are forced to get married. In this custom, girls have no choice but to follow the arrangement of their families and people in the communities to marry somebody that they do not want to, leading to m any other social problems. Unfortunately, child marriage is still considered legal and accepted in many regions, making it harder than ever to be removed. Therefore, on behalf of every individual againstRead MoreChild Marriage Is A Global Issue1609 Words   |  7 PagesChild Brides are young girls married before the age of 18 years old. As of today, 1 in 3 girls are being married off in many developing countries.(girlsnotbrides.org) That is, 15 million girls under the age of 18, that are being deprived of an education, robbed of their innocence and childhood, are having their life jeopardized by health issues related to child marriage. Child marriage is a global issue, negatively affecting and violating the human rights of many young girls being married beforeRead MoreChild Marriages: A human rights issue2995 Words   |  12 Pageslaying on a woven mat swearing suffering, terribly begging God to protect their newborns. These children won’t be found in any official registers , nor will they ever posses any identification cards. Age is therefore determined by seasons, deaths, marriages, and moves. Within the household the power of decision goes to man of the house. The best way to understand the life of young girl in these desolate countries is by stepping in their shoes. In 2008, such a young girl welcomed the world into her homeRead MoreStruggle for Children’s Rights987 Words   |  4 Pagesof a 10-year-old wife - who was suffering from child marriage (Worth, â€Å"Voices Child Marriage Yemen†). Child marriage is a terrible scenario for children, especially for little girls. They are forced to marry, before they are mature enough due to social norms, traditions and their family members, whom they are depending on. According to statistics in 2013, in Bangladesh, the child marriage prevalence under the age of 18 is 66%. 240 among 100,000 child wives died, when they gave birth. In Niger, thisRead MorePersuasive Essay About Overpopulation1455 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation issue and ways to help solve it The big question is whether humanity is getting too big and, in the process, endangering the wellbeing of people, and our planet. Overpopulation is a real thing it’s happening right now in some parts of the world. Delay marriage, ending child marriages, and women empowerment might not seem like a lot, but it actually is. All these things can help the overpopulation problem we are facing today in certain parts of the world and in the future. If we allRead MoreFamily Law Is An Area That Concern About Legal Issues Involving1283 Words   |  6 Pages Family law is an area that concern about legal issues involving family relationships, such as marriage, divorce, adoption and child custody. Every country has its own family law and its typically influences by the issue, culture and religion in that country. In Malaysia, family law is divided into two categories; Islamic Family Law (Federal Territories) and the Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce). Malaysia is an Islamic country. Hence, this family law distinguishes between Muslims and non-MuslimsRead MoreChild Marriage Should Not Solve Our Problems With The Same Thinking Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesworld, marriage is viewed as a minute of delight and festival however the act of early marriage gives no such foundation for festival. Child marriage characterized as formal relational unions or standard and legal unions perceived as marriage before the age of 18. Marriage is similar to a school; a college with guidelines and laws. In what capacity would we be able to anticipate that a y oung girl will manufacture a crew? In what capacity can a girl be a mother of another kid? Child marriage is a gigantic

Collecting a Canon The Earl of Northumberland at Northumberland Houseand Syon House Essay Example For Students

Collecting a Canon: The Earl of Northumberland at Northumberland Houseand Syon House Essay In the 1750s, Hugh Smithson, recently created Earl of Northumberland, added an immense gallery to Northumberland House, his London town house at Charing Cross and the Strand (later Trafalgar Square). The gallery was decorated with huge painted copies after frescos by Raphael, Annibale Carracci and Guido Reni (Fig. 6.1). Less than a decade later, the Earl commissioned Robert Adam to renovate Syon House, his Middlesex country retreat, and embellish it with numerous copies and casts of iconic classical sculpture. While the painted and sculpted replicas have been discussed separately in detail by different authors, I would like to study both together in order to emphasise the role of painted copies and sculptural casts and copies as an expression of aristocratic patronage in the mid eighteenth century and in the formation of a ‘Grand Manner’ of art. Smithson’s building schemes tell us much about his consciousness of status in a society which was, by the middle of the century, defined by the Shaftesburian concept of natural aristocracy that embraced a balanced commingling of erudition and civic duty. Smithson was from modest gentry stock but, as an assiduous place-hunter, quickly climbed the patriciate ladder through fortuitous inheritances, marriage and political acuity. Brought up a Roman Catholic, he ‘conformed’ after his father’s death in the 1720s, although he remained a Tory in opposition to Robert Walpole until after the Jacobite rout in the 1740s when he sensibly became a soft Whig in the Newcastle–Pelhamite broad-bottom coalition. However, he forsook any real party allegiance, opting instead to stay close to the Hanoverian court, serving as Lord of the Bedchamber to George II and receiving the Order of the Garter in 1756. He later allied himself to George III and the Earl of Bute (his so n married Bute’s daughter) with varying consequences through the turbulent factious decade of the 1760s. Exemplum – the demonstration of one’s virtue – is a critical feature of the Shaftesburian concept of the aristocrat, and material culture, in the form of  architecture, a good library, collections of paintings, prints, coins and medals, along with proper dress and fine dining, was a means to an end. Perhaps compensating for his quasi-parvenu and Catholic-Tory heritage, Northumberland was overly zealous, evidenced by his penchant for scale. At Northumberland House, the gallery, which could easily accommodate six hundred people, measured 106 feet long and each of the paintings was immense. Similarly Syon House, despite its comparatively modest size, evokes a sense of massive ponderousness in the entrance hall, while the apparent narrowness of the library on the other side of the house illusionistically accentuates its great length. Yet Northumberland’s endeavours were rescued from mere ostentation by their inherent dignity and refinement. The Northumberland House gallery, designed by Daniel Garrett and then James Paine with the Earl’s involvement, had an overall decorative programme of stucco, painting and sculpture reminiscent of the galleries of Roman Renaissance and Baroque palaces that the Earl would have seen on his grand tour in the 1730s. For the painted copies, the Earl employed Horace Mann as agent, specifying copies after ‘Raphael, Guido or Carracci’ from ‘the Farnese gallery or the Vatican’ and ultimately approving of the choices that Mann had made. Cardinal Albani also played a critical role as he assisted Mann in securing access to the original frescos and in negotiating with the artists. The final selection consisted of Raphael’s Council of the Gods and Marriage of Cupid and Psyche from the Villa Farnesina, both by Pompeo Batoni, who was dilatory in completing the commission; Annibale Carracci’s Bacchus and Ariadne from the Palazzo Farnese, by Placido Costanzi; Guido Reni’s Aurora from the Villa Rospigliosi, by Agostino Masucci; and Raphael’s School of Athens by Anton Raphael   Mengs (Mengs was simultaneously working on his painting of Parnassus for the Villa Albani). Simon Vierpyl was also hired to make modelli based on the sculptures of the Barbarian captives at the Capitoline which were then fashioned into two chimneypieces by Benjamin Carter. These, in turn, were surmounted by full-length portraits of the Earl and his wife, Elizabeth Seymour, by Joshua Reynolds.7 At Syon House, Adam, with the assistance of his brother, James, and with the approbation of the Earl, fashioned the entrance hall after that of an ancient Roman villa suburb ana which would have typically been embellished with busts of the owner’s ancestors (Fig. 6.2). However, in place of the Earl’s less than salubrious forebears, the hall was furnished with statues and busts, including Demosthenes, Socrates, Antisthenes, Marcus Aurelius, Scipio Africanus and Livia, as well as Roman noblemen and noblewomen. Malcolm Baldrige EssayEach of the rooms at Kedleston and Syon functions as a totality, in which sculpture, architecture, paintings and furniture create a holistic decorative environment. However, the visitor’s viewing experience and engagement with the space in the two houses are markedly different. The marble hall and the saloon at Kedleston can be viewed ‘at a glance,’ as Peter de Bolla has noted, where the look is ‘relaxed’ and ‘the eye flits from surface to surface, delighting in the variety of decoration, the sheen and glitter of the reflective surfaces’. The individual components do not demand discrete attention but rather meld into an overall whole. This is consistent with Adam’s personal, more picturesque approach to architectural design. The pictorial sweep is also reinforced by the ambiguous nature of the marble hall and the saloon; they seem to be spaces that are to be admired first and then perhaps used. In contrast, the sculptures in the entrance hall at Syon retain their individuality, and are physically accentuated by being mounted on pedestals within the space of the room rather than demurely residing in niches along the walls. Similarly, the various components of the architecture revel in their individual robustness. As such, the entrance hall at Syon is emphatically more Bramantesque in spirit, in the sense that each component retains its integrity yet also contributes to a unified harmonious whole. Although perhaps more fortuitous than planned, given the late addition of the School of Athens, the gallery at Northumberland House is imbued with the same aesthetic; the paintings and chimneypieces contribute to a cohesive whole, yet each stands alone in its own right. Furthermore, both the entrance hall at Syon and the gallery at Northumberland House are also emphatically functional ‘lived-in’ spaces; the visitor experiences them rather than merely looks at them. The anteroom and dining room at Syon are closer to the typical ‘Adamesque’ pictorial interior, but even here the individual components of column and statue each retain their robust integrity and the visitor becomes absorbed into the space; the function of each room is always explicit. The contrasting visitor experience at Syon and Kedleston was dictated by the patrons’ different agendas. Curzon, soon to be First Baron Scarsdale, was, like Northumberland, acutely aware of the requisite ingredients of the natural aristocracy, with the exemplary country house being of the greatest significance. However, being a generation younger than Northumberland, he was a decade behind in cutting his political teeth and staking his claim to gentry status. By the 1760s, when he was rebuilding Kedleston, the country house could be used for political gain. Wentworth Woodhouse, for example, owned by the marquises of Rockingham, encapsulates the shift in the perception of the country house as the natural expression of the natural aristocracy to something more politically innervated. At midcentury, the Second Marquis, as a young man, took on the task of completing the house begun by his father, the First Marquis, in the 1720s. This included acquiring casts and copies of iconic antique sculptures for the two main entrance halls. By the 1760s, the house and estate took on greater political import as Rockingham became the leader of the eponymous Rockingham Whigs (the antecedent of the modern concept of political party), whose central tenet was the reification of the   natural aristocracy as En gland’s natural leaders, in the face of the rising career politician and the interventions of the King and Lord Bute. In this sense, Wentworth Woodhouse became Rockingham’s political power base and the literal physical manifestation of the Rockinghamite ‘natural family mansion’, a concept formed and espoused by Edmund Burke, Rockingham’s private secretary.15 Seen in this light, Kedleston could be read, as Mark Girouard has posited, as Curzon’s Tory riposte to nearby Chatsworth, a perennial Whig stronghold.16 As such, it could be argued that Kedleston revels more in mere display than in the exemplum of virtue, an exhibition of the accoutrements of aristocracy rather than a demonstration of personal family substance and motivation toward inspiration. Curzon, who had notably not made the Grand Tour, seems to have opted for the package deal, leaving much of the design and the selection of sculpture to first Brettingham, then Paine and Adam. North umberland was preoccupied with other concerns; he had taken the apolitical path of siding with the monarchy and had spent much money and many years shoring up his familial legitimacy.

Sleeping Beauty Essay Example

Sleeping Beauty Paper Sleeping Beauty Literature Review The story of Sleeping Beauty has evolved over time and has been changed slightly throughout the different versions. It has changed in order to fit social norms for the time and context has been altered to appeal to the current audiences. The three main versions of Sleeping Beauty are the Charles Perrault in 1697, which was adapted from the original fairy tale Sun, Moon, and Talia by Giambattistas Basile in 1634. Perraults version was a tale of rape, adultery and cannibalism. The Brothers Grimm interpretation, from 1812 that made the story more tame and the Walt Disney version from 1959 that was drawn mainly from the St. Petersburg Ballet version of 1890 and the Grimm Brothers version, obviously this version was cleaned up a lot from the predecessors in order to appeal to a younger and more moralistic audience. Most Fairytales hold a kind of formulae that can be seen in Vladimir Propp’s morphology of the folk tale. His theory suggests that most stories just use the same formulae however in different contexts. Sleeping beauty is a typical example of how mostly all of the characteristics used in storytelling are used in this narrative. Such characteristics used in Sleeping Beauty are the character types. The hero, the villain, the donor, the dispatcher, the helper, the princess and the father or in this case the parents. The fairy godmothers play a huge part in the storyline of sleeping beauty, you could say they act as the donors who provide an object with magical properties, such as the sword given to prince charming that defeats the villain. We will write a custom essay sample on Sleeping Beauty specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sleeping Beauty specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sleeping Beauty specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They are also the dispatchers and the helpers who send the hero in the right direction to save the princess. Although these dont seem like the main characters in the story, they hold together the narrative and fill in the gaps that link the events in the story, also without the fairy godmothers we would be missing out on our fix of magic that is needed in any good fairytale. Propp’s theory suggests that these character types are found in every story or film but are just rearranged for different effects. In Shrek, typical fairytale themes are implemented, however the traditional ideas and social norms found in fairytales are swapped around. ‘Shrek upstages Prince Charming and Princess Fiona saves Shrek from Robin Hood and his merry men’. Women are not necessarily depicted as being an inferior sex nowadays as they were back when the initial story was wrote. Sleeping Beauty came from a time when the lesson was that women should wait quietly for the man who would give them their role in society, Not such the case in modern twists on fairytales. However Propp’s strict order of characters and events is restrictive. The format he suggests may change the way in which text is received, for example if the main character dies, the audience is left unhappy because there has not been a happy ending. It is the typical story line in most childrens fairly tales, where there is a vulnerable female in need of rescue by her Prince Charming. We see this again, and again in stories such as Snow White, Cinderella and  Beauty and the Beast. All of these stories have reoccurring patterns in them such as the evil villain, a spell that needs to be broken, a hero prince who needs to rescue a damsel in distress, all of these elements leading up to a happy ending. Propp’s actions as functions of narratives can also be seen throughout the different stories, they are used to progress the narrative. The preparation, complication, transference, struggle, return and the recognition. Firstly The kingdom is preparing for the new born of the king and queen, whilst this gives the villain an incentive to complicate things and upset the palace, In great joy brings great upset this is common at the beginning of most stories, something bad must happen in order to be fixed. Sleeping beauty is then transferred to a safe house in the woods in the Disney version and we meet the prince who is gifted a magical sword by the fairy godmothers, and therefore transferred into the hero. After Sleeping beauty pricks her finger and falls into the deep sleep, the struggle is then on to revive her. The prolonged period of time that varies between the stories depends on the hero, whom overcomes the evil villain with the help of the good fairies. The penultimate sequence in which the hero defeats the villain transformed into the dragon, to me resembles the legend of Saint George and the Dragon. The prince then finds the princess and gives her the kiss of life and she is awoken. He then returns with the princess and gets recognised as a hero when they get married. However this is not the end in the Charles Perrault version as the prince’s mother is not happy with the marriage, and tries to eat the princess and the newly married couples children, eventually she throws herself into a vat of vipers and dies. There are quite vast differences in the plots of Perrault’s version and the Grimm brother’s adaptation. Most of the beginning part of the Perrault version is the same as the brothers Grimm adaptation, it is the second part that is altered. Perrault was also one of the last interpreters of the tale to avoid waking Beauty with a kiss. Most of the versions written and produced since then have used the kiss to awaken the sleeping princess. Instead she was awoken when she was ready to give birth to her baby that had been unwillingly forced upon her whilst she was asleep. The overall conceit of Aurora â€Å"awakening† to a man’s kiss suggests that her maturity may indeed be a sexual one. ’ It is thought that the story was changed in this way to  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœappeal  to the opulent court and aristocracy of Louis XIV of France’. In the Charles Perrault version, the prince’s mother who is an ogre attempts to eat sleeping beauties children, which sounds like more of a horror story than a fairy-tale. The Brothers Grimm version left out this part of the story all together as did Walt Disney’s version because this is far too gruesome for a make-believe story. Also, another variation is that in Perrault’s adaptation the princess is asleep for 100 years and her prince comes to her after hearing about the legend of her generations later. In the Disney movie and the brothers Grimm adaptations, the princess is only asleep long enough for the prince to defeat the villain and give her the kiss of life. Maybe this was altered from the original because of the idea of never seeing your loved ones again was too traumatic for a modern audience and especially children. The good fairies puts the residents of the kingdom under a temporary sleep whilst sleeping beauty is under the spell to lower social panic. Charles Perrault’s version also includes more than 3 fairies bestowing gifts on the young princess, and the villain in the story being an aged fairy that everyone thought was dead. The story of Sleeping Beauty focuses mainly on the seemingly idealistic views that ‘true love conquers all’ and that ‘home is where the heart is’. Sleeping beauty and fairytales in general give people a hope and fantastical view on life and appeal to a modern audience because they allow for a type of escapism. For those that have been in love can relate to the stories. Dream like scenarios where all is not real but the situations are similar to those that happen in real life. 1280 words Bibliography Katy C. Peck. (19/01/08). Analytical Essay – Sleeping Beauty. http://www. helium. com/items/806737-analytical-essay-sleeping-beauty Date Accessed 01/03/11 English National Ballet. http://www. ballet. org. uk/the-sleeping-beauty/the-sleeping-beauty-story. html Date Accessed 28/02/11 Notes on Sleeping Beauty. http://www. sparknotes. com/film/sleepingbeauty/themes. tml. Date Accessed 05/03/11 Notes on Characters in Sleeping Beauty. http://www. sparknotes. com/film/sleepingbeauty/characters. html Date Accessed 05/03/11 Tales from the Brothers Grimm http://www. yankeeweb. com/library/storytime/grimmbros/grimmbros_56. html Date Accessed 05/03/11 John K. Davis. (26/01/09). The story behind sleeping beauty, early versions weren’t meant for adults. http://www. suite101. com/content/the-sto ry-of-sleeping-beauty-a92332 Date Accessed 26/02/11 Propps Theory. http://www. adamranson. plus. com/Propp. htm Date Accessed 26/02/11 Charles Perrault, Sleeping Beauty in the Wood. http://www. pitt. edu/~dash/perrault01. html Date Accessed 26/01/11 Perraults Fairy Tales  (New York: Dover Publications, Inc, 1969), pp. 3-21 Heidi Anne Heiner. (26/08/10). http://www. surlalunefairytales. com/sleepingbeauty/history. html Date Accessed 02/03/11 Sleeping Beauty, Brothers Grimm Summary. http://www. grimmstories. com/en/grimm_fairy-tales/sleeping_beauty. Date Accessed 23/02/11 Diana Katheryn Geleskie ; Vannessa Colberg. Walt Disneys Sleeping Beauty, a literary approach. 9/ 04/09 (http://people. setonhill. edu/gel7219/sleepingbeautyliterarycritique/fairytalecanon. html Vladimir Propp (1968) Morphology of the Folktale. University of Texas Press.. http://www. scribd. com/doc/37368054/Fairy-Tales. Date Accessed 25/02/11 [ 1 ]. http://www. adamranson. plus. com/Propp. htm [ 2 ]. http://www. helium. com/items/806737-analytical-essay-sleeping-beauty [ 3 ]. http://www. sparknotes. com/film/sleepingbeauty/themes. html [ 4 ]. htt p://www. bookrags. com/essay-2006/3/14/221714/758

Non-Native English Speakers Teaching English

Non-Native English Speakers Teaching English An extremely active discussion on a LinkedIn professional group called English Language Services Professionals has caught my interest. This group is one of the most active English teaching groups on the Internet, with almost 13,000 members. Heres the question that begins the discussion: Ive been looking for a teaching opportunity for two years and Im sick of the typical Native speakers only phrase. Why do they allow TEFL certificates for non-natives then? This is a discussion that needs to be had in the world of English teaching. I have my own opinion on the matter, but lets first start off with a quick overview of the current situation in the English teaching world. To be very general, as well as to oversimplify the discussion, lets admit that there is a perception by some that native speakers of English are better English teachers. Arguments Against Non-Native Speakers as English Teachers This idea that only non-native speakers of English need not apply for English teaching jobs comes from a number of arguments: Native speakers provide accurate pronunciation models for learners.Native speakers innately understand the intricacies of idiomatic English usage.Native speakers can provide conversational opportunities in English that more closely mirror conversations that learners can expect to have with other English speakers.Native speakers understand native English speaking cultures and can provide insight that non-native speakers can not.Native speakers speak English as it is actually spoken in English speaking countries.Students and students parents prefer native speakers. Arguments for Non-Native Speakers as English Teachers Here are some counterarguments to the points above: Pronunciation models: Non-native English speakers can provide a model of English as the lingua franca, and will have studied correct pronunciation models.Idiomatic English: While many learners would like to speak idiomatic English, the fact is that most of the English conversation they will have and should have will be in non-idiomatic standard English.Typical native speaker conversations: Most English learners will be using their English to discuss business, holidays, etc. with OTHER non-native English speakers for the majority of the time. Only true English as a second language students (i.e. those living or wanting to live in English speaking countries) might reasonably expect to spend most of their time speaking English with native English speakers.English speaking cultures: Once again, most English learners will be communicating with people from a wide variety of cultures in English, that doesnt mean that UK, Australian, Canadian, or US culture will be the main topic of conversa tion. Native speakers use real-world English: This is perhaps of importance only to English as a Second Language learners, rather than English as a foreign  language learners.Students and students parents prefer native English speakers: This is more difficult to debate. This is purely a marketing decision made by the schools. The only way to change this fact would be to market English classes differently. The Reality Of Non-Native English Speakers Teaching English I can imagine that a number of readers might also realize one important fact: State school teachers are overwhelmingly non-native English speakers in non-native English speaking countries. In other words, for many this is a non-issue: Non-native English speakers already teach English in state schools, so there are plenty of teaching opportunities. However, the perception remains that, in the private sector, native English speakers are preferred in most cases. My Opinion This is a complex issue, and having benefited from the fact that I am a native speaker I admit to having had an advantage for certain teaching jobs throughout my life. On the other hand, I have never had access to some of the cushier state teaching jobs available. To be blunt, state teaching jobs offer much more security, generally better pay and infinitely better benefits. However, I can also understand the frustration of non-native English speakers who have gained mastery of English, and who can help students in their own native language. I think there are a few criteria for making a hiring decision, and I offer these for your consideration. The native / non-native teacher decision should be based on students needs analysis. Are the learners going to need to speak English in native English speaking countries?Qualifications must be considered: Just Speaking English doesnt make a teacher qualified. Teachers need to be judged on their qualifications and experience.Non-native speakers have a distinct edge for teaching lower level students as they can explain difficult grammar points in learners native tongue with great accuracy.The perception of native speakers is best seems antiquated in the global English speaking environment. Perhaps it is time for private schools to revisit their marketing strategies.Native speakers do have the edge when it comes to idiomatic language skills. Imagine an English learner is going to move to the US to work in a company, a native English speaker with a bit of knowledge about that industry will be able to quickly latch on to idiomatic language, as well as jargon that the student will need. Please take advantage of the opportunity to express your own opinion. This is an important discussion, that everyone can learn from: teachers, both native and non-native speakers, private institutes that feel the have to hire native speakers, and, perhaps most importantly, students.

Samples, Power Analysis, and Design Sensitivity Statistics Project

Samples, Power Analysis, and Design Sensitivity - Statistics Project Example A research that lacks either form of validity communicates possible deviations from actual properties of the research subjects and can therefore not be relied upon. Both external and internal validities are also susceptible to threats that must be monitored for a desired level of accuracy. The two forms of validities are therefore important in developing confidence in drawn conclusions and made inferences from a research initiative. They are however different in their specific scopes of applicability, and their threats. Internal validity for instance defines a research process’ independence from confounds that may influence observations contrary to the treatment’s causal effects while external validity defines the degree of confidence in inferring research results to a population. Another difference between internal and external validity is their sets of threats. Threats to internal validity such as â€Å"maturation,† â€Å"selection,† â€Å"instrumentati on,† â€Å"statistical regression,† and â€Å"attrition† induces bias on the causal effect relationship to impair accuracy of observation on treatment effect. Threats to external validity however include â€Å"reactive effects of testing,† â€Å"interactive effect of selection,† â€Å"reactive effect of innovation† and â€Å"multiple program interface† and induces barriers between properties of the used sample and other population segments (Fink, 2004, 78, 79). Research questions to which external validity is of primary concern are those questions that seek to establish relationships that are generally applicable to an entire population. Example is a research question to establish the relationship between gender and students performance in sciences that is psychologically hypothesized to be uniform across populations. Internal validity, however, is primary to research questions that seek to establish existence of a relationship between two

Air pollution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Air pollution - Research Paper Example In this manner, the large particles emitted to the atmosphere settle on the ground, while the small particles are carried by the wind. Air pollution does not only damage the environment, but it also affects the health of the individuals in terms of skin and eyes irritation, and respiratory illness. Air pollution has been a concern of almost every individual in the world, and many are exerting effort in order to enact laws or individual awareness to end air pollution (â€Å"Air Pollution†). 3.0 Types of Air Pollution 3.1 Indoor Air pollution Air pollution occurs inside the houses, offices, schools, and other enclosed areas. Air pollutants indoor usually comes from cigarette or tobacco smoking, gases that come from stoves while cooking, chemicals, glue, and paint used in the building, and other hazardous fumes secreted by the materials of the building, and radon. Radon is considered as a radioactive gas which is emitted by decaying uranium rocks on the ground. Radon can easily b e trapped in structures that are energy-efficient where hot or cool air is kept inside. Therefore, due to this high concentration of gases inside the structure, radon can easily be trapped inside and can cause harm to the people inside the building. Nonetheless, the ventilation of the structure also plays a vital role in contributing to indoor air pollution (Thakur 68). 3.2 Outdoor Air Pollution Outdoor pollution occurs when the air pollutants from the burning of gases by vehicles, power and business plants, burning of garbage are formed into gases and particles which then emitted to the atmosphere. Some of these activities emit lead and mercury, which are considered as heavy metals, which then result to the formation of smog. Smog is a result of the reaction gasoline and petroleum combustion to sunlight. This reaction then forms a brown-colored smoke that also results to the creation of different harmful gases. From these different gases, ozone is also formed, which is a harmful ty pe of oxygen. Aside from smog, acid rain is also caused by air pollution. This occurs when nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapor, which results to the production of nitric and sulfuric acid. The most common sources of nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide are burning gas and oil by cars and factories (Thakur 68-69). 4.1 Effects of Air Pollution 4.1 Effects of Indoor Air Pollution Indoor air pollution can cause eye irritation, headache, skin irritation, and other health problems. Aside from this, if radon is inhaled in large amount, the person can also suffer from lung cancer. Sick building syndrome (SBS) can also occur if the air quality in a building is poor or low. SBS can elicit symptoms such as chills and fever, congestion of the chest, throat irritation, dry skin, and dizziness. These symptoms are not specific; therefore, these symptoms can also be caused by other ailments. However, an employee must seek an attention of a physician if the symptoms worsen during working shifts or hours and deteriorate after the shift of an employee (Thakur 68; Austin, Brimblecombe, and Sturges 90). 4.2 Effects of Outdoor Air Pollution Outdoor air pollution affects human beings and the environment. The short term effects of air pollution include pneumonia, irritation of the nose, skin, throat, and eyes, nausea, and headaches. Aside from this unpleasant odor from factories, garbage, clogged drainage systems also cause air pollution. On the other hand, the long-term